試験L4M5認証試験 &一生懸命にL4M5受験体験 |信頼できるL4M5合格率

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L4M5認定を取得することは、学生、教師、主婦など、さまざまな分野の多くの人々にますます一般的になっていることがわかっています。 全員がL4M5認定を取得することが望まれます。 私たちのL4M5試験ダンプ問題は、短時間で認定を取得するために最善を尽くすために非常に必要です。 L4M5 Exam Braindumpsは、試験に合格する手を差し伸べます。 L4M5 Exam Torrentは、認定を取得するための最良の学習ツールです。

CIPS L4M5認定試験は、国際的に認められ、雇用主に高く評価されています。これは、効果的な交渉を行い、組織に最高の成果を達成するための知識とスキルを持っていることを証明するものです。また、認定試験は、調達の専門家としての信頼性を高め、キャリアの見通しを広げるための素晴らしい方法でもあります。

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有難いL4M5認証試験 & 合格スムーズL4M5受験体験 | 権威のあるL4M5合格率 Commercial Negotiation

当社CIPSでは、多くの分野の専門家を雇用してL4M5学習ガイドを作成しているため、学習教材の品質を安心してご利用いただけます。 さらに、L4M5試験問題のガイダンスに基づいて試験の準備をすることで、JPTestKing近い将来昇進する機会を増やし、給与を引き上げることができます。 したがって、Commercial Negotiation試験を受ける準備ができたら、L4M5学習教材を利用できます。 次の受益者になりたい場合、何を待っていますか？ L4M5学習教材を購入してください。

CIPS L4M5：商業交渉試験は、特に今日の超競争的なビジネス環境において、調達分野で重要な意味を持ちます。交渉力は、プロの成功とビジネス全体の成功に不可欠です。それは有効な交渉の核心原則を包括的に理解させ、供給業者との交渉で勝つために必要なツールと技術を候補者に装備します。

Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply（CIPS）L4M5試験は、調達とサプライチェーン管理分野で働く専門家のための、難しいかつ高度な認定試験の1つです。L4M5は、調達の専門家が習得すべき重要なスキルである商業交渉としても知られています。この試験は、商業取引を効果的に交渉するために必要な高度な技術と知識を提供することに焦点を当てています。このテストは、さまざまな交渉技術を習得し、それを実際の調達シナリオに適用する能力を候補者に高めることを中心にしています。

CIPS Commercial Negotiation 認定 L4M5 試験問題 (Q158-Q163):

質問 # 158
According to Mendelow's Matrix, how should stakeholders with high interest but low power be managed?

正解：C

解説：
Mendelow's Matrix categorises stakeholders by power and interest. High-interest, low-power stakeholders must be kept informed, as they care about outcomes but lack direct influence. Keeping them informed builds trust and reduces resistance. By contrast, high power/interest stakeholders are key players, while low power
/low interest require minimal effort. This tool ensures negotiation strategies align with stakeholder dynamics, preventing overlooked risks or conflicts.
Reference: CIPS L4M5 (2nd ed.), LO 3.1 - Stakeholder mapping using Mendelow's Matrix.


質問 # 159
Jasmine and the IHL sales team have a negotiation scheduled with one of AB's lead buyers, Samuel, at AB's premises. This is one of the biggest negotiations that Jasmine has been involved in and is eager not to make any mistakes. Jasmine has heard from a colleague that Samuel tends to adopt an integrative negotiation style.
IHL senior management decides to send a team of three members to the negotiation. Jasmine is among the team and she is assigned to check body language, reactions, feeds insight to her leader and to record important comments and information from the meeting for minutes. Which of the following are roles of Jasmine in the forthcoming negotiation? Select TWO that apply.

正解：B、E

解説：
:
A negotiating team can be as few as two people, and one person can play one or more of these roles:
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As from the scenario, Jasmine will act as an observer and a scribe (or secretary).


質問 # 160
In a commercial negotiation,a procurement professional believe that the larger the order quantity from buyer, the lower the supplier's average costs. Is this assumption true?

正解：A

解説：
In some markets, suppliers experience peaks and troughs in demand and so buyers can increase their leverage through developing an understanding of how busy their vendor are at particular time during the year or business cycle and targetting atquieter period. Similarly, if a buyer can develop an understanding of supplier capacity and to what extent have they covered their fixed cost, they may be able to target suppliers when their average costs are likely to be lowest. Vendor's average costs will be higher at low and high capacity utilisation.
A picture containing graphical user interface Description automatically generated


質問 # 161
Leitax is a consumer electronics firm with headquarters in the US and with a global sales presence. The company maintains seven to nine models in its product portfolio, each of which has multiple SKUs. Product life ranges from fifteen to nine months and is getting shorter. The demand planning and master planning processes at the company were ill-defined. Data relevant to forecasting were usually inaccurate, incomplete, or unavailable and the lack of objectives and monitoring mechanisms for the demand planning process meant that process improvement could not be managed. Support for supply management was equally ill-defined, as master production schedules were sporadic and unreliable and suppliers had learned to mistrust them. Leitax's newly appointed Supply chain director, Jessica realises that the "buy-in" of different functional groups was critical to the improvement of demand planning. She invites relevant stakeholders to a meeting so that they can express their opinions openly. What tactic is Jessica using?

正解：A

解説：
There are nine commonly used influence tactic:
1. Rational persuasion includes using facts, data, and logical arguments to try to convince others that your point of view is the best alternative. This is the most commonly applied influence tactic.
2. Legitimating
3. Personal appeals
4. Exchange
5. Ingratiation
6. Pressure refers to exerting undue influence on someone to do what you want or else something undesirable will occur.
7. Coalitions refer to a group of individuals working together toward a common goal to influence others.
8. Inspirational appeals
9. Consultation refers to the influence agent's asking others for help in directly influencing or planning to influence another person or group.
In the scenario, there is a problem with demand forecasting and supply chain planning in Leitax. The new Supply chain director invites the stakeholders to a meeting to find the solution. She is using coalition tactics.
Reference:
- CIPS study guide page 163-168
- Cross-Functional Alignment in Supply Chain Planning: A Case Study of Sales and Operations Planning
- 13.3 The Power to Influence - Organizational Behavior (umn.edu)
LO 3, AC 3.2


質問 # 162
Before engaging in a negotiation with a supplier of rechargeable lights, procurement team tries to visualise the breakdown of supplier's costs to calculate its break-even point. They estimate that total fixed expenses related to rechargeable electric light are $270,000 per month and variable expenses involved in manufacturing this product are $126 per unit. The supplier charges its customer $180 per unit. Within its current capacity, this supplier will make a profit at which of the following?

正解：C

解説：
The analysis of cost into fixed and variable enables organisations to determine their break-even point (BE) - the point where total revenue from sales and total cost exactly balance. All costs need to be covered by sale revenue in order for a company to make a profit. If you know your fixed costs and your variable costs then you can work out the minimum quantity of goods or services you need to sell to break even. Break even point is measured in volume and can be worked out graphically or via formulae:
Price - Variable costs = Contribution
Break even point (volume) = Fixed expenses/Contribution margin per unit In this scenario, the break even point (Q) is: 270,000/(180-126) = 5,000 To make a profit, the supplier needs to sell more than 5,000 units per month.
The BE point is thus an important determinant of flexibility of pricing for suppliers. Before BE is achieved there will be much greater reluctance to offer price concessions to customers than after BE is achieved.
LO 2, AC 2.1


質問 # 163
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